Archives For peace

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For many years, La Limonada has been divided into eleven distinct colonias, or neighborhoods. Lemonade International’s two academies are in Lourdes I and Lourdes II, respectively. Other colonias have names like Lomas del Edén (Hills of Eden), El Esfuerzo (The Effort), Buena Vista (Good View), 15 de Agosto (August 15), and 5 de Octubre (October 5).

There are decades-old stories behind these names, and the lines of demarcation between colonias, while not visible on any map or to any outsider’s eye, are for that reason no less real.

In fact, unlike the porous boundaries between neighborhoods in cities in the United States – even between so-called “good” and “bad” areas – the lines between the neighborhoods of La Limonada are simply not to be crossed under any circumstances. Each colonia is controlled by a pandilla, a youth street gang, and they aren’t in the habit of forgiving trespassers.

On Sunday night, just before we arrived in La Limonada for the first time on Monday morning, there was a shooting in front of one of Lemonade International’s academies. It was part of a skirmish between pandillas representing neighboring colonias. This kind of thing happens somewhat regularly, invariably putting everyone on edge and leading many parents to keep their kids home from school. This shooting, as it happened, was a case of mistaken identity; gang members in pursuit of a particular enemy mistakenly shot at an innocent passerby in the leg.

Considering all of this, today was an historic day. The designated presidents of five of La Limonada’s colonias – including two who have a reputation for downright hating each other – came together for an unprecedented meeting in hopes of collaborating on ways to better serve their communities and to seek the common good of La Limonada as a whole. The meeting was convened by a small group of university students of industrial design who were given the assignment by a professor acquainted with a Lemonade International staff member.

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As the meeting got underway, the 26 of us broke the ice by going around the room, each sharing our name and one positive attribute about ourselves, as well as the names and attributes of each previous person. There was a bit of awkward forgetfulness and a lot of laughter, but we were all surprised at how many names and positive attributes we could remember about others – most of whom we’d just met. And this set the stage for what came next.

We were divided into a handful of groups, and each group was assigned a concept to draw on a sheet of butcher paper. My group, which included one of the colonia presidents (pictured with me below), was asked to depict in pictures what comes to mind when we think of “agents of change.” We drew stick figures of a leader in conversation with the people of the community. We drew a person looking forward, not stuck in the past. We drew hands coming together, forging bonds of friendship and trust. And we drew a picture of a man washing someone else’s feet. That last one, the president explained to everyone, represented what we can learn from the example of Jesus, who humbled himself and became a servant.

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The university students who convened the gathering plan to put together a book that details the history of La Limonada based on the combined and synthesized accounts of these colonia presidents. This is particularly exciting to the staff of Lemonade International, since nothing of its kind exists, and because those who can remember La Limonada’s early days are getting up in years.

The lines of demarcation between the colonias still exist, but today steps were taken to unite these communities that have so much in common, in hopes that together they can accomplish more to change La Limonada than they ever could apart.

What I didn’t mention until now is that this meeting took place at one of Lemonade International’s academies, and that Tita has been the key link making this kind of gathering possible. Through child sponsorship, scholarships, micro-finance, vocational training, and more, Lemonade International is directly impacting the lives of hundreds of individual people for the better.

But as a group of faithful, courageous Christians, the organization is doing something more – making a way for sworn enemies with decades of enmity behind them and between them to come together, to look each other in the eye, to say each other’s names, to praise each other’s attributes, to laugh, to fidget, and certainly not least, to dream of a common future in which, God only knows, colonia presidents may even stoop to wash each other’s feet.

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[Photos by Scott Bennett]

Nuclear-Bomb-Mushroom-Cloud

There’s been a recurring theme on this blog early in 2013. In my very positive review of Ken Wytsma’s Pursuing Justice, I put forward a gentle critique of the optimistic way he talks about “changing the world.” Soon afterwards, I offered some thoughts on James Davison Hunter’s sobering assertion that Christians would do well to practice “faithful presence” rather than thinking that changing the world is particularly within grasp. Then, in the pages of a book on faith and learning by Cornelius Plantinga, Jr., I thought I found a sort of middle ground.

16211575Then along came the timely and much discussed book by Tyler Wigg-Stevenson, The World Is Not Ours To Save: Finding the Freedom to Do Good (IVP). Wigg-Stevenson leads the Two Futures Project, an evangelical movement aimed at abolishing nuclear weapons. If there ever was a “world-changing” undertaking, this is it. Yet Wigg-Stevenson, a dedicated activist, wants to tell us that the world is not ours to change, or at least it’s not ours to save. And he insists this is good news.

It’s good news because God is the one saving the world. If, like the man in the book cover illustration, we feel that the weight of the world is on our shoulders, we won’t last very long. The task is simply too burdensome. Rather, for those of us who confess that Jesus is Lord and that he is making all things new, we experience a freedom and a hope unattainable to activists who insist on carrying the weight themselves.

We can do good without demanding that our good works immediately usher in the kingdom. We relinquish the control and, to a certain extent, the results. In exchange we get to participate in a mission whose ultimate outcome is sure.

Wigg-Stevenson tells a bit of his personal story, including how he got involved in anti-nuclear activism and lessons he’s learned along the way. He winsomely weaves reflections on scripture together with his own experiences around the world, from naked peace marches in San Francisco (note: the author remained fully clothed) to heartbreaking experiences in the Holy Land.

For a guy whose life mission is abolishing nuclear weapons, the book sure doesn’t read like a PR piece for a particular cause. Rather, it seems Wigg-Stevenson – who does have a Master of Divinity degree – is sincerely intent on offering a bit of pastoral care for a younger generation still hyped up on its inflated chances of saving the world. That hype will inevitably waver and the vision will surely fade. And when it does, young activists will find in this book a treasure trove of good news. Will they listen before their lives depend on it? I hope so.

[Image: theorysmith.com]

I received a free copy of this book from the publisher in exchange for my honest thoughts.

1. The measure of meaning
Last week Sandra McCracken released her latest record, Desire Like Dynamite, and (along with the new Indelible Grace project) it has provided a wonderful soundtrack for our return visit to Lancaster for Thanksgiving. She shares some of the album backstory here, in particular what she’s learned from poet-farmer-essayist Wendell Berry:

This is my great hope and belief about art: it is culture-making. Do with it what you will. Poetry can change people. Story can change the world. Global good starts as tiny as a Truffula seed. And if the sun and the bees and the rain and the birds give us their graces, we could have ourselves a harvest of renewal by summer’s end.

2. Wanting to be made well
Marlin Vis, who lived among Palestinian Christians in Jerusalem for five years, writes for Think Christian:

“Do you want to be made well?” This was Jesus’ question to the man laying by the pool of Bethzatha, where he had been for 38 years. Stop with the excuses, Jesus told him. Stop blaming your situation, stop blaming the angels in heaven or the devil in hell or anyone or anything else for that matter. Pick up your bed and get out of this place of sickness and despair. Do you want to be made well or not? Until the Israelis and the Palestinians want healing more than they want killing, the rest of us are doomed to helplessness.

3. On Sandy and art loss
I’m a little late in including this one this week, but artist Mako Fujimura writes movingly about the experience of learning what was lost – and what was saved – in the storm:

When you are a professional artist, meaning that you are making a living off your work, you do learn to say good bye to your work every day. That is what it means to be making a living. A friend recently told me that this is similar to a farmer not getting too attached to animals that will be slaughtered. Not a pleasant thought, but appropriate, somehow, as the art is feeding us, and my attachment cannot be too deep either. But the attachment to your creation IS deep and abiding. No amount of rational persuasion will change the depth of my pain as I heard the list of works destroyed.

4. Call to action on creation care
Members of the Lausanne Movement – theologians, church leaders, scientists, and creation care practitioners – have been considering what the gospel has to do with creation care. They’ve issued a call to action based on two primary convictions. Here’s the first one:

Informed and inspired by our study of the scripture – the original intent, plan, and command to care for creation, the resurrection narratives and the profound truth that in Christ all things have been reconciled to God – we reaffirm that creation care is an issue that must be included in our response to the gospel, proclaiming and acting upon the good news of what God has done and will complete for the salvation of the world. This is not only biblically justified, but an integral part of our mission and an expression of our worship to God for his wonderful plan of redemption through Jesus Christ. Therefore, our ministry of reconciliation is a matter of great joy and hope and we would care for creation even if it were not in crisis.

5. Africa for Norway
As one with Norwegian blood, I sincerely appreciate this:

Repaso is intended as a thought-provoking compilation of news and commentary from the past week related to the intersections of faith, development, justice and peace. As always, I welcome your thoughts on any of the links and ideas in this roundup!

[Photo credit: boston.com]

1. El Salvador’s gang truce
Earlier this year, imprisoned leaders of El Salvador’s two main gangs declared a truce, mediated in part by the head chaplain for the military and police. For the story of another person of faith who has been serving among gang members in El Salvador, see this. While the country’s murder rate has dropped dramatically (52%) and the truce has held longer than virtually anyone anticipated, it’s still a volatile situation. The Washington Office on Latin America’s commentary on the truce seems spot on (emphasis mine):

The current truce opens a tremendous opportunity: Salvadoran society, the Salvadoran government, the Salvadoran private sector, and international donors should move quickly to use the pause in violence to help install social service and job programs in some of the poorest and most gang-ridden communities, in a way that responds to the real needs of those communities most affected by violence. The Funes administration must take advantage of this moment to work with Salvadoran society in developing a solid, long-term, comprehensive anti-gang strategy that emphasizes violence prevention, reintegration, and rehabilitation. Quick movement, even of small amounts of money, for outreach centers, job training and placement programs, and other activities could send an important and positive message that might help transform the short-term violence reduction that has accompanied the truce into a long-term lowering of crime and violence rates. You don’t have to trust the truce to see the opportunity it presents.

2. Brazil’s “March for Jesus”
Last Saturday in Sao Paolo, more than a million Christians participated in the city’s annual “March for Jesus.” Brazil has long been traditionally Catholic, but evangelicals and Pentecostals are quickly gaining ground, as the size of this march demonstrates. But not all evangelicals in Brazil think this march is completely a good thing. Some are concerned about the event’s sponsoring church, saying, “The march has turned into the brand name for a patented pseudo-Pentecostalism.”

3. A different kind of mission trip
Those who’ve read my recent posts on short-term mission trips and on the Association for a more Just Society will be interested in this recent Huffington Post piece by Jo Kadlecek, journalist-in-residence at Gordon College, about Nicholas Wolterstorff’s recent seminar in Honduras and about questions to ask about mission trips:

The hundreds of young people and adults who travel for short-term missions here, [AJS co-director Kurt] Ver Beek said, don’t always understand what they’re walking into. He believes they genuinely want to be “agents of change,” but too often overlook the reasons behind a country’s systemic problems in the first place. “Justice: Theory Meets Practice,” a seminar he’d dreamt of for several years, was designed specifically to address the larger questions behind such troubles, those that triggered unjust and dangerous situations.

4. Friendship trips
While we’re on the topic of short-term mission trips, the good folks at Alter Video Magazine have a new short film featuring Brazilian pastor Claudio Oliver, who has been on the receiving end of a lot of teams, but proposes a new model he calls “friendship trips,” involving a building project of a very different kind. (HT Katie Jo Ramsey)

5. Chris Wright on missional churches
Chris Wright, head of Langham Partnership International, was the guest speaker at the annual meeting of the Evangelical Presbyterian Church in Baton Rouge, Louisiana this year. The EPC shared this brief interview in which he speaks about missional churches.

6. Introducing Deidox
Somewhere recently (through Jake Belder, perhaps?) I stumbled upon Deidox, “a new series of short documentary films exploring the faith of everyday people.” I’m really looking forward to following along.

Repaso is intended as a thought-provoking compilation of news and commentary from the past week related to the intersections of faith, development, justice and peace. As always, I welcome your thoughts on any of the links and ideas in this roundup!

[Photo credit: "Mara Salvatrucha gang leaders participate in a press conference at the end of a visit by Jose Miguel Insulza, OAS Secretary General, at La Esperanza prison, in San Salvador, on July 12, 2012. (Jose Cabezas/AFP/GettyImages)" via theepochtimes.com]

My latest feature story has been published in PRISM, focused on Fambul Tok, a community-led peace and reconciliation movement in Sierra Leone. The country endured a brutal eleven-year civil war, and Fambul Tok is helping communities to heal again, not relying primarily on outside resources and ideas, but on a long-held tradition within Sierra Leone’s culture that takes place around community bonfires.

I’m convinced this story can teach all of us a lot about peace, forgiveness, and reconciliation in our increasingly fractured, violent world. Here’s how the story begins:

Sahr and Nyumah grew up as best friends. But that was before the war.

While attempting to flee their village in eastern Sierra Leone when invading rebel forces attacked it in 1991, the two boys were captured and ordered to kill. Sahr was given a knife and told to murder his own father. He refused. The knife was given to Nyumah, and a gun was put to his head. Once he had killed Sahr’s father, Nyumah turned and beat Sahr to a pulp.

This was war, and it would be an 11-year nightmare.

When a peace treaty was eventually signed, those who survived the war did their best to return to life as usual. Villages that had been burned to the ground had to be rebuilt from scratch. Families and their ways of life had to be pieced back together. Many returned home accompanied by the ghosts of amputation, an enduring reminder of the gruesomeness of war. Thousands of combatants who had grown old against their will at the ages of 10, 11, 12 struggled to reclaim the innocence of childhood. For too many it was too late. Tens of thousands of women and girls carried with them the silent shame of violation. And for all the obvious wounds, a myriad more lay just below the surface, largely unacknowledged—but simmering.

The highly touted Truth and Reconciliation Commission, intended to help the people of Sierra Leone find closure, found some success here and there, but it never reached rural villages like Gbekedu, where Sahr and Nyumah lived. Villagers were left without a sense of justice, and though guns and machetes had for the time being been set aside, true peace had not yet been fully restored.

These communities, however, had a tradition—a memory from before the war. In a simpler time, after the day’s work had been done, village residents would gather around a bonfire for a time of “family talk,” or fambul tok in the Krio language. They would discuss whatever was on their minds, and together, led by village elders, they would resolve any disputes that had arisen during the day.

It was at one such gathering, years after the war, where Sahr finally found the words and the audience he needed to be able to speak out. After courageously telling the truth about what he and his family had endured, he went a step further, declaring, “The man who beat me and killed my father is here.”

Hobbling over to the edge of the circle on his permanently crippled legs, he reached into the crowd and pulled Nyumah out of the shadows and into the flickering light.

Sahr and Nyumah had not spoken in the years since the rebels invaded and their lives were torn apart. But around that bonfire, face to face with Sahr and in the sight of all, Nyumah confessed to his crime in stark, grisly detail.

“But what I did,” he continued, “it was not my choice.”

Then, bowing to the ground and putting his hands in the dirt, he asked Sahr to forgive him. Without hesitation, Sahr granted forgiveness. The two embraced and began to dance as the community burst into exuberant song, voices rising into the night, swirling like sparks.

Continue reading the story here.

Learn more about the Fambul Tok book and film, and about Fambul Tok International.

[Photo credit: Sahr and Nyumah after participating in a Fambul Tok reconciliation ceremony. Photo by Sara Terry via fambultok.com]