Archives For humanitarian

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1. Unsung heroes in Africa
Jenny Trinitapoli and Alexander Weinreb think the standard narrative about the reduction of AIDS in Africa is wrong. I don’t think we should underestimate the positive impact PEPFAR and other Western efforts have made, but I’m sympathetic to the argument that local heroes deserve the bulk of the credit:

Most of the measured improvements in AIDS in Africa are actually the result of cumulative, widespread behavior change that has led to a reduction in new HIV infections. In other words, the standard narrative is wrong. The narrative is wrong because it ignores local African responses to AIDS and characterizes religion and religious leaders as part of the problem. We have systematically studied the role of religious leaders in sub-Saharan Africa for about a decade. As a single class of people, local religious leaders sit at the very top of our list of who should receive credit for the behavior changes that have curbed the spread of HIV in Africa.

2. The danger of faith-based humanitarianism
Ziya Meral (@Ziya_Meral), a Turkish researcher based in London whose work focuses on religion, politics, and human rights in the Middle East, writes about the largely positive rise of faith-based humanitarianism, while noting one common way it can get its proponents into trouble:

When faith-based humanitarianism slips into working only for their own brethren and into the narrative of “the world is against us,” it fuels dangerous misperceptions and prejudices. This does not help the suffering of their co-religionists in the long run, and empties their humanitarianism by reducing it to partisanship carried on the global stage. The solution to this vulnerability of faith-based initiatives does not lie in secular humanism, but in faith traditions themselves.

3. Science and doxology
Anyone who has met Jimmy Lin (@cjimmylin) knows what a brilliant guy he is, and that his vision for finding cures for rare diseases is, well, contagious. The BioLogos Foundation published an interview in which he discusses his work with the Rare Genomics Institute. It also includes part of an earlier interview, where he draws upon J.I. Packer’s line that “Theology is for doxology”:

That’s not just true for theology, it’s for everything: biology is for doxology; chemistry is for doxology. That’s when I started to think, I should consider myself, first and foremost, as a person who praises God in what I do. And then no longer make “Christian” the adjective, right? “Doxologist” is the noun. But then what kind of doxologist am I? So I call myself a medical and scientist doxologist. I would call someone, for example, in the marketplace, a business doxologist. Or, someone who does art, an artistic doxologist. To really have the noun as our identity, and then our vocation as just a descriptor of how we do that.

4. Justice and the future of Guatemala
Over the past two weeks, Guatemala’s former dictator Rios Montt has been standing trial on charges of genocide and crimes against humanity. Because of widespread impunity in the country, nailing the dictator was seen by most as a nearly impossible task. In a New York Times op-ed, political science professor Anita Isaacs (@AnitaIsaacs) writes about the significance of the trial for Guatemala’s indigenous people:

Convicting Mr. Ríos Montt is not about sending one person to jail. Survivors are adamant that justice will not bring back their loved ones and that it can never be commensurate with the brutal massacres described in court… Those implicated in wartime atrocities hope the trial will satisfy victims’ demands for retribution. Survivors, however, see the trial as opening up the floodgates of justice. They have a long list of perpetrators they want to see punished next. Nor is the right to try perpetrators for war crimes the only right demanded by indigenous Guatemalans. Having mobilized for over a decade to bring Mr. Ríos Montt to justice, they take enormous pride in making the trial happen. They are emerging more confident and resolved to continue fighting to claim all the political, social and economic rights they are owed as Guatemalan citizens. The contours of Guatemala’s democratic future are up for grabs, and the stakes have never been higher. While a failure to convict could be the greatest blow to the rule of law since the genocide itself, success has also never been so close within Guatemala’s reach.

5. Death In His Grave

[Photo: wespeaknews.com]

1. The future of aid
Reuters AlertNet has a really cool multimedia feature running right now with stories, videos, polls, infographics and more exploring the future of humanitarian aid. I could spend hours exploring everything there.

2. New US military bases in Latin America
The Just the Facts blog (focused on Latin America and US foreign policy toward the region) has a Google Map showing all the new military bases the US built in Latin America in 2009-10, paid for with money from the counternarcotics budget. Seeking to curb the drug trade may be necessary, but given the region’s history (and US military involvement behind the scenes and otherwise), this is something worth keeping an eye on.

3. The GOP and the Hispanic vote
Jeb Bush, former governor of Florida and current brother of W, has an op-ed in the Washington Post, encouraging Republicans to consider how they might earn the Hispanic vote – something none of the GOP front-runners seem particularly interested in doing:

[W]e need to think of immigration reform as an economic issue, not just a border security issue. Numerous polls show that Hispanics agree with Republicans on the necessity of a secure border and enforceable and fair immigration laws to reduce illegal immigration and strengthen legal immigration. Hispanics recognize that Democrats have failed to deliver on immigration reform, having chosen to spend their political capital on other priorities. Republicans should reengage on this issue and reframe it.

4. 100 best companies to work for
Yesterday I went to hear Christopher J.H. Wright speak on the topic of “Saints in the Marketplace.” In a nutshell, he emphasized the fact that God created work, that he audits it, governs it, and redeems it. I’ll post full thoughts on the talk next week, but in the meantime, here are some great examples from Fortune of businesses that create great places to work. When thinking Christianly about business, this certainly isn’t the only indicator to look at, but it’s one worth highlighting and affirming for sure.

5. Faith-work distortions and possibilities
Lukas Naugle, who I recently met over a cup of coffee here in Phoenix to discuss business and the common good, has an essay in Comment about the integration of faith and business, and some of the common pitfalls of those trying to connect the two. It’s a great read, and a hugely important topic, specifically taking a look at two books on the subject.

[I]t can be tricky for an average businessperson to figure out how he or she should do business for the glory of God and the common good. Folks who run into this problem exist in many places—I have met them over coffee, investment pitches, and at conferences. Of course, there are some very positive stories and examples out there, but those who haven’t gained a full-orbed view of the integration of faith and business are still the majority, and they come in various shapes and sizes. Here are some of the faith-work Frankenstein’s monsters I’ve met.

6. Accord Network’s forum videos now online
The Accord Network, serving Christian groups working in the fields of relief and development, has posted videos from a number of the presentations at its Developing Excellence Forum, held last November in Baltimore. Main session speakers include Scott Todd (Compassion International, 58: Campaign), Peter Greer (HOPE International), and Tony Hall (former US ambassador). Additionally, videos from the Transformational Development Summit, sponsored by my friends at Eastern University, include Bryant Myers (Fuller Seminary, World Vision International), Stephan Baumann (World Relief), and others. It’s a wealth of good stuff.

Repaso is intended as a thought-provoking compilation of news and commentary from the past week related to the intersections of faith, development, justice and peace. As always, I welcome your thoughts on any of the links and ideas in this roundup!

[Photo credit: cnrc.navy.mil]

Last night I tweeted this from The Onion: “Let’s admit it, NGO marketing/comms folks… we kinda had this one coming: http://onion.com/dvDsgY

As someone working in the field of relief and development, I wrestle with the ways NGOs represent their work and the ways we go about getting funding to keep that work going. Do the very noble ends (serving the poor, saving lives) really justify the often less noble means? Do vivid photos of starving children really serve anyone? Do mass mailings that most people just throw in the trash justify the cost of production, both as a percentage of donor money and in terms of environmental degradation, something that has a devastating effect on the very poor these organizations purport to serve? Those are just a couple of the questions I wrestle with.

In regard to the first question, about the ethics of using emotionally compelling but ethically troubling images, I’m grateful for the work of the International Guild of Visual Peacemakers, a group of photographers and videographers “devoted to peacemaking and breaking down stereotypes by displaying the beauty and dignity of various cultures around the world.” For those producing visual content, they offer an ethical code. And for those of us who consume visual content (all of us), they invite us to sign a charter for visual peace. The creative, talented, compassionate folks at IGVP are doing important work that I hope will continue to shape how NGOs, businesses, and independent communicators reflect the dignity of their subjects.

Within the faith-based sector, which is more narrowly where I happen to work, we’re not immune to these ethical concerns. If anything, we need to be extra vigilant, given the way spiritual guilt can so easily be used to manipulate. I’ve been reflecting on these things for a while now, but just this morning while eating breakfast and reading The Knowledge of the Holy by A.W. Tozer, I came across this passage that brings the matter home for us in theological terms. His language is a bit old-fashioned, and he refers specifically to “missionary appeals”, but what he says is true of faith-based humanitarian and social justice pleas as well:

Probably the hardest thought of all for our natural egotism to entertain is that God does not need our help. We commonly represent Him as a busy, eager, somewhat frustrated Father hurrying about seeking help to carry out His benevolent plan to bring peace and salvation to the world, but, as said the Lady Julian, “I saw truly that God doeth all-thing, be it never so little.” The God who worketh all things surely needs no help and no helpers.

Too many missionary appeals are based upon this fancied frustration of Almighty God. An effective speaker can easily excite pity in his hearers, not only for the heathen but for the God who has tried so hard and so long to save them and has failed for want of support. I fear that thousands of younger persons enter Christian service from no higher motive than to help deliver God from the embarrassing situation His love has gotten Him into and His limited abilities seem unable to get Him out of. Add to this a certain degree of commendable idealism and a fair amount of compassion for the underprivileged and you have the true drive behind much Christian activity today.

The key word in that passage, I think, is need. God does not need our help. He invites us to join him in his work, and we do so in response to the love and grace we have received. When we pray, “Your kingdom come, your will be done on earth as it is in heaven,” we may find him moving us to act accordingly. But guilt won’t do it. It won’t last. Rather, we can serve the poor with a quiet trust in a loving God, a God who will do his thing whether we’re part of it or not.

Be still, and know that I am God. I will be exalted among the nations, I will be exalted in the earth! (Ps 46:10)

What would our marketing look like if we believed that?

Three cups of deceit

September 14, 2011 — 4 Comments

Five months ago, scandal engulfed a guy from Montana named Greg Mortenson.

He’d made a name for himself through a book called Three Cups of Tea, which is his story of accidentally becoming one of the world’s most inspiring humanitarians. Through the book, which remained on the New York Times bestseller list for four years, Mortenson inspired tens of thousands — if not millions — of people to support his nonprofit organization, the Central Asia Institute. He even managed to get himself nominated on more than one occasion for the Nobel Peace Prize. President Obama himself donated a hundred grand to the cause.

Then came April of this year, when 60 Minutes aired a report suggesting that this seemingly unanimous enthusiasm might have been misguided, citing allegations from well-known writer Jon Krakauer and others that some of the most impressive and inspiring stories in Three Cups of Tea were either grossly exaggerated or completely bogus, and that Mortenson was responsible for appalling misuse of his organization’s funds. Here’s the 60 Minutes segment, in case you’d like to get up to speed that way:

Mortenson responded to CBS with a short statement and a longer statement, and the CAI board issued a response to the accusations as well; you can read them for yourself if you’d like. I didn’t blog about any of this at the time, partly because deep down I wanted to believe Mortenson was being falsely maligned (honestly, who didn’t love Three Cups?), but also because about a million other bloggers suddenly took it upon themselves to publicly crucify him, rendering my two cents a bit redundant.

Recently, however, with Borders going out of business and selling books at steep discounts, I came across Krakauer’s 70-page exposé Three Cups of Deceit, and decided to give it a read. For those who have seen the 60 Minutes report, the gist of the accusations come as no surprise. Krakauer arranges the book into three sections which are, broadly speaking, the three problems he sees with Mortenson and Three Cups. First, the problem of fabricated stories presented as fact. Second, the problem of lack of financial accountability. And third, the problem of lackluster results in the places where Mortenson claims success.

The accusations do seem fairly damning, and I don’t think that Mortenson’s or CAI’s responses sufficiently defuse them. So in the midst of profound disappointment and disillusionment it’s only natural to want to demonize the man, to throw out your copy of Three Cups, and to distance yourself by pretending you never liked it in the first place and would never fall for such deception. But I think there are at least three big lessons we can all learn from this.

First, it is good to be reminded of the need for organizations and their leaders to be held accountable. Charity Navigator is one of the leading nonprofit watchdogs, and while it isn’t perfect (it failed to flag CAI’s shady accounting ahead of time), it has been evolving to become a more accurate measure of financial accountability and program effectiveness. There are good places to put your money to use for the common good, so please resist the two extremes: either donating on a whim just because someone asked you to, or refusing to donate at all because scandals like this exist.

Second, it is good to be reminded of the seduction of power and money, to which none of us are immune. Mortenson discovered a formula for pulling on people’s heartstrings, for enlarging his personal bank account, and yes, for helping a lot of people at the same time. Mixed motives are hardly foreign to any of us, so while it does seem that Mortenson has engaged in manipulative, greedy, and deceptive behavior and has taken advantage of people’s generosity and goodwill in the process, we simply cannot say that we’d be immune to these temptations were we in his shoes.

Third, and finally, it is good to be reminded that we live in a messy world full of complicated people and conflicting reports, and that a nuanced perspective is almost always helpful. Krakauer himself is quick to affirm the good that Mortenson has done — and the good he has done is considerable — and that is perhaps what I most appreciate about the book. While obviously first and foremost an exposé, Three Cups of Deceit demonstrates that for those confident in the facts, we can afford to be honest about the good, the bad and the ugly. And that’s what separates Krakauer, a true journalist, from so many bandwagon bloggers: in lambasting a man who misled people through looseness of facts, it’s all too easy to disqualify our critiques by doing the same.

1. Aid industry vs humanitarian relief
Scott Gilmore of Peace Dividend Trust blogs about a key distinction that all too often gets lost in relief/development debates:

[W]hen aid types whine about new NGOs “crowding the field” and spreading scarce resources too thin, I say balderdash. If your NGO isn’t getting funded because another NGO is, then you need to make your NGO faster, smarter, leaner, and more effective. And, even if there is a short reduction in the overall effectiveness of the NGO sector in a particular country because there are too many, it is offset by the long-term improvement that competition and innovation will bring. But that’s for the aid industry. Not for humanitarian relief. It is called humanitarian relief for a reason. Short-term relief, to save the starving for example, is a public service not an industry.  The immediate threat to life outweighs the long-term need for competitive innovation.

2. Social justice and evangelism
Maggie Canty-Shafer writes for Neue about a theme I’ve explored from time to time here as well:

Social justice is a complex subject for Christians. No one can disagree that Scripture commands to love the poor and oppressed, but what that looks like practically today is largely debated and at times ignored. As the world becomes increasingly more globalized and information more accessible, awareness along with responsibility has grown. This responsibility comes multiple fold. Why, how and even if we combine social justice with evangelism is an ever-evolving discussion that must be considered from a local and global level. Both the individual and the church must play a role for the Body to have the impact Scripture intended—an impact we’re capable of but nowhere near.

3. TV archive from 9/11/01
As we all know, the tenth anniversary of the tragic 9/11 attacks is this Sunday. Here’s an amazing collection of TV coverage from that Tuesday morning and the hours and days after it (HT @brettmccracken):

The 9/11 Television News Archive is a library of news coverage of the events of 9/11/2001 and their aftermath as presented by U.S. and international broadcasters. A resource for scholars, journalists, and the public, it presents one week of news broadcasts for study, research and analysis. Television is our pre-eminent medium of information, entertainment and persuasion, but until now it has not been a medium of record. This Archive attempts to address this gap by making TV news coverage of this critical week in September 2001 available to those studying these events and their treatment in the media.

4. 9/11 and the ‘Christian nation’ question
Gideon Strauss from the Center for Public Justice tackles this issue for the ThinkChristian blog, and he’s astute as always:

9/11 changed many things, but it did not make America a more or less Christian nation. America is not the New Jerusalem. America is not the Whore Babylon. It is a nation among nations. Called, like all nations, to live its political life in pursuit of public justice. Mixed, like all nations, in the composition of its citizenry with regard to religious commitments and convictions. For Christians, this means that we should not seek political hegemony in America, but that we should seek to live faithfully: proclaiming the gospel in word and deed, pursuing public justice and the common good alongside our neighbors who do not share our gospel faith.

5. Intercontinental ballistic microfinance
Here’s a really cool video from Kiva, showing the rise in its total loans and paybacks from the time it started until today, represented by dots bouncing across the globe. What’s especially cool is what happens when Kiva is featured on Frontline in 2006 (HT A View From The Cave).